Classification+Standards+(DDC)


 * Classification Standards (DDC) **

II. Procedures
A. Classification System B. Locating an Existing Dewey Decimal Number C. Creation of a Unique DDC Numbers D. Building DDC Numbers E. Local Policies for DDC Prefixes and Cutters F. Anomalies in Labeling G. DDC Influence on Collection Arrangment H. Updates of Dewey Classification I. Review and Amendment of Policies

III. Reference Materials
A. DDC Summaries B. Global Editing Basics C. New and Changed Entries D. Dewey Services <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.5in;">E. //Abridged Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index: Edition 14// <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.5in;">F. //Abridged 13 Workbook: For Small Libraries Using Dewey Decimal Classification Abridged Edition 13// <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.5in;">G. Classification System Pamphlet

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">IV. **Bibliography and Suggested Readings**

**__Policy Statement__**
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">By creating a standard of classification for our school, the Anytown School Library Staff can develop consistent records that will be easier to access and search. A classification system contributes to ease of location of resources for all information users, once the users are familiar with the structure that exists in our library. By utilizing a widespread and systematic method of classification, the library is able to contribute records to, and utilize records from, local public and school libraries through the use of the online public access. In this manner, resources can be provided on a significantly larger scale for our patrons and others through the surrounding region. Anytown School Library records will reflect those of other institutions, allowing us to all provide uniform classification processes, to better share and review materials.

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Classification System **
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">For all classification process in the Anytown School Library, the classification system utilized will be the //Abridged Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index: Edition 14,// originally devised by Melvil Dewey and last updated in 2004 by Joan S. Mitchell, Julienne Beall and Giles Martin, for classification of all materials.

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Locating an Existing Dewey Decimal Number ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">In all instances of locating Dewey Decimal numbers from alternate resources, the validity and local compatibility of the number must be reviewed. Attempts to locate existing Dewey Decimal numbers for an item will progress in the following order or in conjunction with one another for comparison: <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">If no number can be found, as a last resort, create DDC number according to the directions in //Creation of a Unique DDC Number//.
 * 1) ====Vendor provided MARC records, field 082====
 * 2) ====Comparison of local records and those derived from copy cataloging resources. Identical materials should receive the same DDC number.====
 * 3) ====OPAC records - local, or from copy cataloging resource.====
 * 4) ====CIP information from the item. If the number in the CIP is not taken from the //Abridged 14 Dewey Decimal Classification//, or if it is older than 2003, the number should be checked for updates.====

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Creation of Unique DDC Numbers **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The creation of a DDC number begins with determining the subject matter of the book. Using summaries, reviews, or upon reading the work, determine subject terms that would apply and look for matching terms in the Relative Index of the //Abridged 14 Dewey Decimal Classification// text. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">In order to select the proper terms to be located in the //Abridged 14 Dewey Decimal Classification// text, examine how much of the item is devoted to the subject/s. · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">If one subject is acted upon by another, choose the term that is acted upon. · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When one subject is covered more than another in an item utilize the term associated with the dominant subject · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the event that two-to-three subjects are covered equally, use the term related to the subject that appears first in the DDC system · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">If more than three subjects are represented, choose a subject classification term that is more broad and inclusive of all

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Building DDC numbers ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">If a relevant term is not found, or if further investigation seems warranted, other parts of //Abridged 14 Dewey Decimal Classification// text can be utilized. The “Summaries” – a record of the subject values assigned to the ten main classes, the hundred divisions and the thousand sections - can be utilized to build the first three numbers of the DDC number. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Next, referencing the newly determined number in the “Schedules” section of the //Abridged Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index// can help to determine if the number is appropriate and also to see if any of the “Tables” need to be referenced for addition of decimal places. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">For local purposes, call numbers will include up to three decimal places or the first prime mark, whichever comes first.

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Local Policies for DDC Prefixes and Cutters ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">﻿ ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The following chart details the addition of local details for prefixes and cutters to aquired and locally created DDC numbers: <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Item ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Description ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Classification Scheme ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Example ** ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Books & Playaways ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Nonfiction || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Classification #, Cutter - first three letters of author’s last name || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">363.738 GOR ||
 * || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Fiction || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Prefix **FIC**, Cutter <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> - first three letters of author’s last name  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">FIC PIK ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Biography || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Classifiction # **921**, Cutter <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> – first three letters of subject’s last name || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">92 KEN ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Juvenile Fiction || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Prefix **E**, Cutter – first letter of author’s last name || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">E M ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Short Story Collections || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Prefix **SC**, Cutter – first three letters of author’s last name || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">SC POE ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">French Language Works || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Prefix **FRE**, Classification #, Cutter – first three letters of author’s last name || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">FRE 821.2 HUG ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Spanish Language Works || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Prefix **SPA**, Classification #, Cutter – first three letters of author’s last name || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">SPA 814 GAR ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Over-sized || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">OS, Prefix, Classification # (except fiction), Cutter || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Add OS in front of any other type ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Reference Materials ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Reference & Career Reference || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Prefix **REF**, Classification #, Cutter <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> - first three letters of author’s last name  || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">REF 423 MER ||
 * || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Professional Collection || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Prefix, Classification #, Cutter || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">PRO 371.14 CON ||
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">DVDs ** || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">DVD media || **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">DVD **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">, Prefix, Classification #, Cutter || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Add DVD in front of prefix ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">﻿ <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">**Anomalies in Labeling**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">__<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">More than one identical item: __<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> Items will have the same Dewey Decimal number. A copy number is added into local holding records but not displayed with the DDC label.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">__<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Set / volume number __<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">: Items within a set will have the same Dewey Decimal number. A volume label is added to the local records but not to the DDC number itself. A volume number or item specification is placed onto the spine label.

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">DDC Influence on Collection Arrangement **
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Newly purchased __nonfiction books__ are labeled according to the above directions. They are to be displayed on the shelves immediately in front of the circulation desk for a minimum of one month.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Newly purchased __fiction books__ are labeled according to the above directions. They are to be displayed on top of the four foot fiction shelving for a minimum of one month.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Biographies__ are shelved together, in a section separate from the rest of the 900s


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Works of __juvenile fiction__ are shelved together


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Short story collections__ are shelved together, near the fiction section


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__French language works__ are shelved together, arranged in order first by nonfiction, then fiction.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Spanish language works__ are shelved together, arranged in order first by nonfiction, then fiction.


 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Oversized items__ are labeled according to the above directions (a prefix of “OS”). They are shelved in the “Oversized” section of the library arranged in order first by nonfiction, then fiction.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Reference materials:
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Dictionaries and Encyclopedias__ are labeled according to the above directions (a prefix of “REF”) and placed in the “Reference” section.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Career Reference materials__ are also labeled according to the above directions (a prefix of “REF”) and placed in the “Career Reference” section.
 * <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Professional materials__ are labeled according to the above directions (a prefix of “PRO”). They are shelved in the “Professional” section of the library.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">**Updates of Dewey Classification** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">**﻿** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">At least every three months, DDC updates should be made to the school copy of //Abridged Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index: Edition 14.// These updates can be found at the [|New and Changed Entries] page on the OCLC website. They can be documented directly into the text with pencil with a date of update. These changes are also to be updated in the system using the global editing option in our MARC Magician Professional software. For instructions on how to make global changes within our system, see the [|//Global Editing Basics//]for MARC Magician Professional, Tutorial 7 <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Review and Amendment of Policies ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal;">**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">﻿ ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal;">Library policies should be reviewed every spring for any changes that may affect Dewey Decimal Classification strategies or to facilitate understanding of the process of developing DDC labels as deemed necessary by the SLMS and / or the administration. When possible, policies should be reviewed in collaboration with all district librarians, or with local school librarians.

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt;">__Reference Materials__ **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[|DDC Summaries] - This site contains a brief introducation to the Dewey Decimal System of Classification, including a discussion of how to create DDC numbers. Also included are the main summaries - the ten main classes, the hundred divisions and the thousand sections.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Global Editing Basics], MARC Magician Professional Tutorial 7 - Utilize this tutorial to learn or review the process for making global cataloging changes to Dewey Classification numbers.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[|New and Changed Entries] - This page of the Online Computer Library Center's (OCLC) webpage describes changes and updates made to the DDC.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[|Dewey Services]- This section of the OCLC website contains a wide variety of resources dealing with the Dewey Decimal Classification system.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">//Abridged Dewey Decimal Classification and Relative Index: Edition 14 -// This is the definitive reference used to assign DDC numbers.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">//Abridged 13 Workbook: For Small Libraries Using Dewey Decimal Classification Abridged Edition 13 -// This workbook, its descriptions and exercises can help the school librarian gain practice with DDC issues that can be applied to actual classification scenarios.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"> - This pamphlet, is a self-created resource can be used as a reference to DDC numbers both by library patrons and librarians.

**__Bibliography and Suggested Readings__**
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">This annotated bibliography contains references used to create this guide, as well as information on sites and books that would be useful to those creating DDC records.

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">L. Pruyne & R. Gosselin <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">April 2011